Conjunctions: and but or so because (CGIU-Elem-109)
REFERENCE
A. and / but / or / so / because
We use these words (
conjunctions
) to join two sentences. They make one longer sentence from two shorter sentences:
sentence A
sentence B
The car stopped.
The driver got out.
The car stopped
and
the driver got out.
B. and / but / or
sentence A
conjunction
sentence B
We stayed at home
and
we watched television.
My sister is married
and
she lives in London.
He doesn't like her
and
she doesn't like him.
I bought a newspaper
but
I didn't read it.
It's a nice house
but
it doesn't have a garden.
Do you want to go out
or
are you too tired?
Study these sentences.
When we make "lists" we separate the first elements with a coma (,) and we use
and
between the last two things:
I got home
,
had something to eat
,
sat down in an armchair
and
fell asleep.
Ann is at work
,
Sue has gone shopping
and
Chris is playing football.
C. SO ( = the result of something)
It was very hot,
so
I opened the window.
The water wasn't clean,
so
we didn't go swimming.
They like films,
so
they often go to the cinema.
D. because ( = the reason for something)
I opened the window
because
it was very hot.
We didn't go swimming
because
the water wasn't clean.
Lisa is hungry
because
she didn't have breakfast.
Because
is also possible at the beginning:
Because
the water wasn't clean, we didn't go swimming.
E. In these examples there is more than one conjunction:
It was late
and
I was tired,
so
I went to bed.
I always enjoy visiting London,
but
I wouldn't like to live there
because
it's too big.
1.
Write sentences. Choose from the boxes and use and / but / or
0. I stayed at home.
I didn't have your number.
1. I bought a newspaper.
Shall I wait here?
2. I went to the window.
I didn't read it.
3. I wanted to phone you.
I went by bus this morning.
4. I jumped into the river.
I watched television.
5. I usually drive to work.
I swam to the other side.
6. Do you want me to come with you?
I looked out.
0.
.
1.
.
2.
.
3.
.
4.
.
5.
.
6.
?
2.
Look at the pictures and complete the sentences. Use and / but / so / because.
a.
Mark
(7)
(work) and
(8)
(be hot),
(9)
he opened the window.
b.
Yesterday, they
(10)
(go to the museum)
(11)
they couldn't see the exhibit
(12)
(13)
(closed).
c.
Ann
(14)
(late)
(15)
she got stuck in traffic.
d.
They
(16)
(not play tennis)
(17)
(18)
(it rain)
(19)
they stayed inside.
e.
Bill had eaten lunch 30 minutes ago
(20)
he wasn't hungry
(21)
he passed on dinner.
f.
Sue was in a hurry
(22)
(23)
(say good-bye), stepped in her car
(24)
drove away.
Check
OK